On Mon, Dec 2, 2013 at 8:45 PM, Syed Abdul Bais <agent.of.the.change@gmail.com> wrote:
----MQM MURDER AND GANG RAPE INC AND PAKISTAN'S NO.1 TERRORIST ALTAF HUSSAIN IN BRITISH PROTECTION
MQM BE WARNED
This is a US based website
Any threats to the website or its members will be passed on to the FBI
Altaf's reactions have always been aggressive and devoid of any regard for ethics. Ask about who persecuted Maulana Salahuddin, editor weekly Takbir, burnt his house, burnt Takbir copies, tried to prevent Takbirs'; publication from Karachi, and when the Maulana refused to budge, killed him? And every one will say MQM.
MQM-A militants fought government forces, breakaway MQM factions, and militants from otherethnic-based movements.
In the mid-1990s, the U.S. State Department, Amnesty International, and others accused the MQM-A and a rival faction of summary killings, torture, and other abuses (see,e.g., AI 1 Feb 1996; U.S. DOS Feb 1996). The MQM-A routinely denied involvement in violence.
BACKGROUNDThe current MQM-A is the successor to a group called the Mohajir Qaumi Movement (MQM) that wasfounded by Altaf Hussein in 1984 as a student movement to defend the rights of Mohajirs, who by someestimates make up 60 percent of Karachi's population of twelve million. At the time, Mohajirs wereadvancing in business, the professions, and the bureaucracy, but many resented the quotas that helpedethnic Sindhis win university slots and civil service jobs. Known in English as the National Movement forRefugees,
the MQM soon turned to extortion and other types of racketeering to raise cash. Usingboth violence and efficient organizing, the MQM became the dominant political party in Karachi andHyderabad, another major city in Sindh
. Just three years after its founding, the MQM came to power inthese and other Sindh cities in local elections in 1987 (AI 1 Feb 1996; U.S. DOS Feb 1997, Feb 1999;HRW Dec 1997).The following year, the MQM joined a coalition government at the national level headed by BenazirBhutto's Pakistan People's Party (PPP), which took power in elections following the death of military leaderGeneral Zia ul-Haq. This marked the first of several times in the 1980s and 1990s that the MQM joinedcoalition governments in Islamabad or in Sindh province. Meanwhile, violence between the MQM andSindhi groups routinely broke out in Karachi and other Sindh cities (AI 1 Feb 1996; Jane's 14 Feb 2003).In 1992, a breakway MQM faction, led by Afaq Ahmed and Aamir Khan, launched the MQM Haqiqi (MQM-H), literally the "real" MQM. Many Pakistani observers alleged that the MQM-H was supported by thegovernment of Pakistan to weaken the main MQM led by Altaf Hussein, which became known as theMQM-A (Jane's 14 Feb 2003). Several smaller MQM factions also emerged, although most of thesubsequent intra-group violence involved the MQM-A and the MQM-H (AI 1 Feb 1996; U.S. DOS Feb1999; Jane's 14 Feb 2003).Political violence in Sindh intensified in 1993 and 1994 (Jane's 14 Feb 2003). In 1994, fighting amongMQM factions and between the MQM and Sindhi nationalist groups brought almost daily killings in Karachi(U.S. DOS Feb 1995). By July 1995, the rate of political killings in the port city reached an average of tenper day, and by the end of that year more than 1,800 had been killed (U.S. DOS Feb 1996).The violence in Karachi and other cities began abating in 1996 as soldiers and police intensified theircrackdowns on the MQM-A and other groups (Jane's 14 Feb 2003). Pakistani forces resorted to staged"encounter killings" in which they would shoot MQM activists and then allege that the killings took placeduring encounters with militants (U.S. DOS Feb 1996). Following a crackdown in 1997, the MQM-Aadopted its present name, the Muttahida Qaumi Movement, or United National Movement, which also hasthe initials MQM (HRW Dec 1997).
MQM-A leader Hussein fled in 1992 to Britain, where he received asylum in 1999 (Jane's 14 Feb2003). The MQM-A is not on the U.S. State Department's list of foreign terrorist organizations (U.S.DOS 23 May 2003).
While the multifaceted nature of the violence in Sindh province in the 1980s and 1990s at times made itdifficult to pinpoint specific abuses by the MQM-A, the group routinely was implicated in rights abuses. In1992 after the Sindh government called in the army to crack down on armed groups in the province,facilities were discovered that allegedly were used by the MQM-A to torture and at times kill dissidentmembers and activists from rival groups. In 1996, Amnesty International said that the PPP and otherparties were reporting that some of their activists had been tortured and killed by the MQM-A (AI 1 Feb1996).
The MQM-A and other factions also have been accused of trying to intimidate journalists. In one ofthe most flagrant cases, in 1990 MQM leader Hussein publicly threatened the editor of the monthlyNEWSLINE magazine after he published an article on the MQM's alleged use of torture againstdissident members (U.S. DOS Feb 1991). The following year, a prominent journalist, Zafar Abbas,was severely beaten in Karachi in an attack that was widely blamed on MQM leaders angered overarticles by Abbas describing the party's factionalization. The same year, MQM activists assaultedscores of vendors selling DAWN, Pakistan's largest English-language newspaper, and otherperiodicals owned by Herald Publications (U.S. DOS Feb 1992).
The MQM-A has also frequently called strikes in Karachi and other cities in Sindh province and usedkillings and other violence to keep shops closed and people off the streets. During strikes, MQM-A activistshave ransacked businesses that remained open and attacked motorists and pedestrians who venturedoutside (U.S. DOS Feb 1996; Jane's 14 Feb 2003).
The MQM-A allegedly raises funds through extortion, narcotics smuggling, and other criminalactivities. In addition, Mohajirs in Pakistan and overseas provide funds to the MQM-A throughcharitable foundations (Jane's 14 Feb 2003).
Since the September 11, 2001 terror attacks on the United States, the MQM-A has been increasinglycritical of Islamic militant groups in Pakistan. The MQM-A, which generally has not targeted Westerninterests, says that it supports the global campaign against terrorism (Jane's 14 Feb 2003).This response was prepared after researching publicly accessible information currently available to theRIC within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit ofany particular claim to refugee status or asylum.
References:
Amnesty International (AI). HUMAN RIGHTS CRISIS IN KARACHI (1 Feb 1996, ASA 33/01/96),http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGASA330011996?open&of=ENG-PAK [Accessed 6 Feb 2004]Human Rights Watch (HRW). WORLD REPORT 1998, "Pakistan" (Dec 1997),http://www.hrw.org/worldreport/Asia-09.htm#P823_214912 [Accessed 6 Feb 2004]Jane's Information Group (Jane's). JANE'S WORLD INSURGENCY AND TERRORISM-17, "Muthida [sic]Qaumi Movement (MQM-A)" (14 Feb 2003), http://www.janes.com [Accessed 6 Feb 2004]U.S. Department of State (U.S. DOS). "Foreign Terrorist Organizations" (23 May 2003),http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/fs/2003/12389.htm [Accessed 6 Feb 2004]U.S. Department of State (U.S. DOS). COUNTRY REPORTS ON HUMAN RIGHTS PRACTICES FOR1998, "Pakistan" (Feb 1999),http://www.state.gov/www/global/human_rights/1998_hrp_report/pakistan.html [Accessed 6 Feb 2004]U.S. Department of State (U.S. DOS). COUNTRY REPORTS ON HUMAN RIGHTS PRACTICES FOR1996, "Pakistan" (Feb 1997),http://www.state.gov/www/global/human_rights/1996_hrp_report/pakistan.html [Accessed 6 Feb 2004]U.S. Department of State (U.S. DOS). COUNTRY REPORTS ON HUMAN RIGHTS PRACTICES FOR1995, "Pakistan" (Feb 1996),http://dosfan.lib.uic.edu/ERC/democracy/1995_hrp_report/95hrp_report_sasia/Pakistan.html [Accessed 6Feb 2004]U.S. Department of State (U.S. DOS). COUNTRY REPORTS ON HUMAN RIGHTS PRACTICES FOR1994, "Pakistan" (Feb 1995),http://dosfan.lib.uic.edu/ERC/democracy/1994_hrp_report/94hrp_report_sasia/Pakistan.html [Accessed 6Feb 2004]U.S. Department of State (U.S. DOS). COUNTRY REPORTS ON HUMAN RIGHTS PRACTICES FOR1991, "Pakistan" (Feb 1992).U.S. Department of State (U.S. DOS). COUNTRY REPORTS ON HUMAN RIGHTS PRACTICES FOR1990, "Pakistan" (Feb 1991).
Attachments:
Jane's Information Group (Jane's). JANE'S WORLD INSURGENCY AND TERRORISM-17, "Muthida [sic]Qaumi Movement (MQM-A)" (14 Feb 2003), http://www.janes.com [Accessed 6 Feb 20
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پاکستان کسی بھی پاکستانی کے لئے اللہ کی سب سے بڑی نعمتوں میں سے ایک ہے. آج ہم جو بھی ہے یہ سب اس وجہ پاکستان کی ہے ، دوسری صورت میں ، ہم کچھ بھی نہیں ہوتا. براہ مہربانی پاکستان کے لئے مخلص ہو.
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پاکستان کسی بھی پاکستانی کے لئے اللہ کی سب سے بڑی نعمتوں میں سے ایک ہے. آج ہم جو بھی ہے یہ سب اس وجہ پاکستان کی ہے ، دوسری صورت میں ، ہم کچھ بھی نہیں ہوتا. براہ مہربانی پاکستان کے لئے مخلص ہو.
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